He aha te Pana Whakawhiti Aunoa (ATS)?

Ko te hiko te pūtake matua o te pūngao mō te mahi whakaputa me te oranga o ia rā, engari ko te motuhanga o te hiko nā te pakaru o te whatunga hiko, te tiaki, ngā āhuatanga taiao rānei ka arahi pea ki ngā mate nui. Hei piriti atamai i waenga i ngā pūtake hiko tuatahi me ngā pūtake hiko tārua, ko tePātene Whakawhiti Aunoa (ATS)e aroturuki tonu ana, e whakawhiti tere ana hoki i te hiko kia mau tonu ai te mahi a ngā taputapu nui. E whakamārama poto ana tēnei tuhinga i te tūranga o te ATS e pā ana ki āna mahi, āna mātāpono, āna tono, āna kōwhiringa, me āna au whanaketanga.

I. Ngā Mahi Matua: Te Parenga Whānui mai i te Aroturukitanga ki te Whakawhiti

Ko te kaupapa matua o te ATS he whakarite kia mau tonu te tuku hiko ki ngā taputapu nui, ka taea te whakarāpopoto i ēnei ki ngā taahiraa e whā: "Aroturuki-Whakawa-Whakawhiti-Whakaora".

1. Te Aroturuki Tonu i te Tūnga Mana

Ka whakamahia e te ATS ngā pūoko tino tika hei aroturuki i ngā tawhā matua o ngā pūtake hiko tuatahi me ngā pūtake hiko tārua (pēnei i te ngaohiko, te auau, me te āhua) 24/7. Ka tīmata tonu i tētahi tikanga whakatau ina neke atu ngā piki me ngā heke o te ngaohiko i te ±10%, ina rerekē te auau mā te ±0.5Hz, ina puta rānei ngā āhuatanga rerekē pēnei i te ngaronga āhua, te nui rawa o te ngaohiko, te iti rawa rānei o te ngaohiko.

2. Te Whakatau Hapa me te Mahi e Hangai ana ki te Ture

Ka aromatawaihia e te ATS te kounga o te hiko i runga i te arorau kua whakaritea: Hei tauira, ka huri tonu mēnā ka heke te ngaohiko ki te 180V (220V te whakatauranga) mō ngā taputapu ICU, me te tuku i ngā huringa poto mō te rama whānui kia kore ai e whakahohehia te hiko tārua. Ka taea te whakarite i tēnei arorau aromatawai kia rite ki ngā whakaritenga kawenga rerekē.

3. Te Whakawhiti Hiko Tere me te Haumaru

Mēnā ka pakaru te hiko tuatahi, ka momotu tuatahitia e te ATS te pūtake hiko tuatahi, kātahi ka honoa te hiko tārua. Ko te wā whakawhiti he tohu matua, e toru ngā taumata:

• Taumata-mirihēkona (0.1-10ms):He pai mō ngā tūmau pokapū raraunga, e hiahia ana ki tētahi Pūwhakawhiti Whakawhiti Pūmau (STS);
• Taumata-tuarua (1-10):Whakamahia mō ngā motuka wheketere, ngā ararewa, me ētahi atu, me ngā ATS hikohiko paerewa;
• Te whakaroa o te whakawhiti (>10s):I urutauhia mō ngā pūtake hiko tārua tīmata puhoi pērā i ngā whakaputa hiko tīhiera, te whakawhiti i muri i te whakau.

4. Te Hurihanga Aunoa ki te Mana Matua

Kia tau te pūtake hiko matua (mō te 10-30 hēkona), ka hoki aunoa te ATS ki te hiko matua. Ka tautokohia e ētahi tauira te tautuhi ā-ringa hei ārai i te whakawhiti pinepine nā te kore pumau o te hiko matua.

5. Ngā Parenga Haumaru Maha

Kei roto i te ATS ngā parenga raka taumaha, ara iahiko poto, me te arai raka iti-ngaohiko hei ārai i te kino o ngā taputapu mai i ngā ngaru hiko. Hei tauira, ka tapahia te putanga i te wā e taumaha ana te hiko tārua, ā, ka whakamahia he tīmatanga ngohengohe mō ngā kawenga hiko whakauru pēnei i ngā motuka hei whakaiti i te iahiko tomo.

II. Te Mātāpono Mahi

E toru ngā taahiraa e whakangāwaritia ana te tukanga mahi ATS: "Aroturuki→Whakatau→Whakahaere":

Āhua Noa:Ka aroturuki tonu ngā kawenga o ngā pūtake hiko matua, ka tatari te hiko tārua, ā, ka aroturuki tonu te ATS i ngā tawhā hiko matua;

Pūtake Hapa:Ina nui ake ngā tawhā hiko matua i ngā paepae, ka tīmata te ATS i te pūtake hiko tārua (hei tauira, te whakaputa hiko);

Whakahaerenga Whakawhiti: Kia tau te mana tārua, ka huakina ngā hononga mana matua, ka kati hoki ngā hononga mana tārua;

Whakawhiti Whakaora:Ka hoki ki te mana matua i muri i te whakaora, ā, ka whakamutua te pūtake mana tārua.

Mā te tikanga whakawhiti, ka whakarōpūtia te ATS ki te PC (whakawhiti anake, me whai pūwāhi hiko) me te CB (pūwāhi hiko whakauru me te tiaki). Ko te mea tuatahi mō ngā kawenga iti-mana, ko te mea tuarua mō ngā āhuatanga ahumahi nui-mana.

III. Ngā horopaki tono

Ko te ATS te nuinga o te wā e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā horopaki e hiahia ana kia nui te haere tonu o te mana, e rite ana ki ngā āhuatanga o te kawenga:

1. Ngā Pokapū Raraunga me ngā Pourewa Whakawhitiwhiti Kōrero

Ko ngā pokapū raraunga e hiahia ana ki te whakawhiti tere ≤5ms (me te STS) me te whakawhiti tukutahi hei ārai i ngā ngaru nui; ka honoa ngā pākahiko/photovoltaics e ngā pourewa whakawhitiwhiti kōrero hei whakarite kia kore e mutu ngā tohu.

2. Taputapu Hōhipera

Kāore he hiko e hiahiatia ana e ngā rūma pokanga, ngā ICU, me ngā mīhini MRI i roto i ngā hōhipera. Me matapae e te ATS ngā āhuatanga rerekē o te ratonga me te tīmata i te hiko tārua i mua i te wā hei karo i ngā tūponotanga hauora.

3. Ngā Raina Hanga o te Wheketere

Ko te roa o te whakawhiti i waenga i ngā raina whakaputa he 100-500ms i runga i te momo taputapu, ā, ko te whakawhiti matua hei tautoko i te whakarite kia tutuki pai ngā taputapu matua.pūhiko hiko.

4. Ngā Whare Āwhina ā-Iwid

Me hono ngā pūnaha ahi, ngā ararewa, me ētahi atu whare tūmatanui ki te ahi hei huri i te hiko tārua i te wā o ngā ahi, kia pai ai te mahi a ngā taputapu ohorere.

5. Ngā Pūngao Hou me ngā Pūnaha Rokiroki Pūngao

I roto i ngā tipu hiko o te rā me ngā whatunga iti, ka whakarite te ATS i te whakawhiti i waenga i te mana rokiroki hiko, te rā, me te hiko rokiroki pūngao. Ka huri ki te ratonga, ki te rokiroki rānei ina kore e ranea te putanga hiko o te rā, ā, ka whakarite i ngā kawenga nui i te wā e motu ana ngā ratonga, ka taea ai te whakawhiti maeneene i waho o te whatunga/i runga i te whatunga.

IV. Kōwhiringa: Te Whakataurite i ngā Mahi ki ngā Whakaritenga

Ngā tawhā matua mō te kōwhiringa kia ōrite ki ngā horopaki tono:

• Wā Whakawhiti:≤10ms mō ngā taputapu tino tika, 1-5s mō ngā motuka whānui, 5-10s me ngā whakaputa hiko;
• Iahiko Whakatauria:≥1.2 ngā wā o te iahiko kawenga katoa (me te whakaaro ki te iahiko tīmatanga), te wāhanga ōrite mō ngā taputapu wāhanga-toru, me te ATS modular mō te mana teitei;
• Hototahi Mana:Tautoko i te kotahi/toru-wāhanga, AC/DC, me te urutau ki ngā whakaputa hiko, ngā pākahiko, ngā photovoltaics, me ētahi atu;
• Taumata Mātauranga:Tautoko i te aroturuki mamao (hei tauira, mā te kawa Modbus), te tātaritanga whaiaro, me te takiuru raraunga;
• Te Urutau ki te Taiao:Te tiakitanga IP54, te awhe pāmahana -30℃~70℃ mō te whakamahinga ahumahi, me ngā rauemi ātete-waikura mō ngā rohe takutai;

V. Te Whanaketanga ā-Mārama: Mai i te "Huri Tauhohe" ki te "Matapae Matatau"

Mā te whanaketanga o te whatunga atamai, kei te whakapai ake a ATS ki te matauranga, te whakarerekētanga, me te hangarau matomato:

• Te Tiaki Matapae AI:Matapaetia ngā hapa mā te whakamahi i ngā raraunga nui mana, e neke ana mai i te whakawhiti tauhohe ki te whakawhiti matatau;
• Hoahoa Ā-Motu:Tautokohia ngā kōwae whakawhiti-wera hei whakaiti i te wā kore mahi tiaki me te whakauru hiko tohatoha;
• Te Urutaunga Taiao Tino Kino:Whakawhanakehia he ATS e ātete ana ki ngā pāmahana teitei/iti me te wiri mō ngā hau ki tai me ngā haerenga ki te tonga;
• Te Whai Hua o te Pūngao Kakariki:Whakapai ake i ngā tikanga hei whakaiti i te whakapaunga pūngao, hei whakatairanga i te pūngao ma, me te whakaiti i ngā tukunga waro;

Whakamutunga

Hei kaitiaki atamai mō ngā pūnaha hiko, ka whakarite a ATS i ngā taputapu nuipūhiko hikomā te aroturukitanga wā-tūturu me te whakawhiti tere. Mai i te hauora ki te ahumahi, kua noho te ATS hei mea nui i roto i te hapori hou. I te heke mai, ka whanake hei pokapū matua o ngā whatunga atamai, e tautoko ana i te whakawhiti pūngao o te ao me te haumarutanga hiko.