Ziziphi izinto ezibalulekileyo ekukhetheni iswitshi yokudlulisela ngokuzenzekelayo?

1. Uhlalutyo lophawu lomthwalo kunye nokuhambelana komthamo

1.1 Ukuchongwa kohlobo lomthwalo

Uhlalutyo oluneenkcukacha lohlobo lomthwalo (oluthintelayo, olubangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle, olubangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle, okanye oluxutyiweyo) luyenziwa. Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zemithwalo zinempembelelo ebalulekileyo ekunyukeni kwamandla angoku, iimpawu zokuqala ze-ATS. Umzekelo, imithwalo yokungenisa amandla efana nokuqala kwemoto iya kuvelisa umsinga wokuqalisa ophezulu, nto leyo efuna ukuba i-ATS ibe namandla okugqithisa kakhulu kunye nokunyamezela ukutshayiswa kwamandla; imithwalo yokukhupha amandla inokubangela umbane ogqithisileyo ngexesha lokutshintsha, nto leyo ebangela ukuba i-ATS ibe neendlela zokukhusela ezifanelekileyo.

1.2 Uhlu lokubaluleka komthwalo

Ukubaluleka komthwalo kwahlulwe ngokwezigaba eziphambili (ezifana nezixhobo ze-ICU ezibhedlele, iiseva eziphambili kumaziko edatha), ezesibini (ezifana nezixhobo zeofisi eziqhelekileyo, izibane kwizakhiwo zorhwebo), kunye nezesithathu (ezifana nezixhobo zomoya opholileyo kunye nezixhobo ezingezizo ezibalulekileyo). Amanqanaba ahlukeneyo okubaluleka aneemfuno ezahlukeneyo ze-ATS ngokubhekiselele kwixesha lokutshintsha kunye nokuthembeka. Imithwalo ephambili kufuneka ibekwe phambili ukuze kubekho umbane oqhubekayo.

2. Iimfuno zexesha lokutshintsha kunye nendlela yokutshintsha

2.1 Uhlalutyo lwexesha lokucima umbane oluvumelekileyo

Ixesha eliphezulu elivumelekileyo lokucima umbane lomthwalo limiselwa ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zalo. Umzekelo, izixhobo zekhompyutha zihlala zivumela ixesha elifutshane lokucima umbane, ngokuqhelekileyo kuluhlu lwee-millisecond; ngelixa ezinye izixhobo zokukhanyisa eziqhelekileyo zivumela ixesha elide lokucima umbane.

2.2 Iintlobo kunye neempawu zeendlela zokutshintsha eziqhelekileyo

Iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokutshintsha i-ATS ziyaziswa, njengenqanaba le-PC (iswitshi yokudlulisa uhlobo iyonke) kunye nenqanaba le-CB (iswitshi yokudlulisa uhlobo lwe-circuit breaker). I-ATS yenqanaba le-PC ineempawu zesakhiwo esilula, isantya sokutshintsha esikhawulezayo, kunye nokuthembeka okuphezulu, kwaye ifanelekile kwiimeko ezineemfuno eziphezulu zexesha lokutshintsha; i-ATS yenqanaba le-CB inemisebenzi yokukhusela i-overload kunye ne-short-circuit, kodwa ixesha layo lokutshintsha lide kakhulu, lifanelekile kwiimeko ezineemfuno eziphezulu zokhuseleko.

2.3 Ukukhetha iiparameter zexesha lokutshintsha

Iiparameter eziphambili ze-ATS, ezifana nexesha elipheleleyo lokutshintsha (kuquka ixesha lokuvula nelokuvala) kunye nexesha lokutshintsha eliyimvelaphi, zichazwe ngokucacileyo kwaye ziqinisekisiwe ukuba ziyahlangabezana neemfuno zomthwalo. Kwangaxeshanye, ulungelelwaniso phakathi kwemithombo yamandla eyahlukeneyo luyaqwalaselwa. Kwimithombo yamandla engangqamananga, kufuneka kukhethwe i-ATS enomsebenzi wokutshintsha ongangqamananga.

3. Izalathisi zokuthembeka kunye neemfuno zolondolozo

3.1 Ixesha Eliphakathi Phakathi Kokusilela (MTBF)

I-MTBF luphawu olubalulekileyo lokulinganisa ukuthembeka kwe-ATS. Ukukhetha iimveliso ze-ATS ezinexabiso eliphezulu le-MTBF kunokunciphisa amathuba okusilela. Ukuqonda idatha ye-MTBF enikezelwa ngabavelisi kunye nokwenza uvavanyo olusekelwe kwizicelo zokwenyani.

3.2 Ubomi boomatshini kunye nobomi bombane

Nika ingqalelo kubomi boomatshini (amaxesha okusebenza) kunye nobomi bombane (amaxesha okusebenza komthwalo) be-ATS. Okukhona ubomi boomatshini kunye nobomi bombane bude, kokukhona ubomi benkonzo ye-ATS bude, kwaye kokukhona ukugcinwa kunye nokutshintshwa kwehla. Khetha i-ATS enolindelo lobomi obaneleyo ngokusekelwe kubuninzi bokusetyenziswa kunye neminyaka elindelekileyo.

Umthombo weereferensi zomxholo

1. “Izixhobo zokutshintsha kunye nezixhobo zokulawula ezine-voltage ephantsi – Icandelo 6-1: Izixhobo zombane ezinemisebenzi emininzi – Izixhobo zokutshintsha umbane” (GB/T 14048.11-2016)

2. “Ikhowudi yoYilo loMbane lweZakhiwo zoLuntu” (GB 51348-2019)

3. “Ikhowudi yoYilo lweNkqubo yoSasazo lwaMandla” (GB 50052-2009)